Fixed disc vs. floating disc: The fixed type is cheaper and can easily lead to uneven bite of the brake pads; the floating type uses a floating structure to allow the disc to move with thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring that the brake pads are evenly stressed and have better braking force.
Appearance design:
Solid Disc: Traditional shape, often found on rear wheels or entry-level models, with holes drilled to improve heat dissipation.
Wave Disc/Petal Disc: Fancy shape, improves heat dissipation and adds visual personality.
Ventilated Disc: A two-piece design with an air duct in the middle, which greatly improves heat dissipation and is a common choice for performance modifications.
Marking/Punching: Marking helps to scrape off the air/water film on the surface of the brake pad, while punching accelerates heat dissipation and discharges dust. The two are often used in combination to improve braking performance and stability.

Common Materials

Cast Iron: low cost, good braking performance, but easy to rust.
Steel: Stable performance and more durable than cast iron.
Composite material (Composite): lightweight, good heat dissipation, mostly used for high-performance modification, but the cost is high